Understanding Pediatric Obesity

Pediatric obesity is a chronic disease characterized by excessive body fat, leading to health impairments and increased morbidity and mortality. It has become an epidemic worldwide, with significant rates in both developed and developing countries.

• Definition and Impact Pediatric obesity is defined by excessive or dysfunctional body fat, leading to long-term health issues and early mortality. It is considered an epidemic in many countries.

• Global Statistics Since 1990, adult obesity has more than doubled, and adolescent obesity has quadrupled. In 2022, 2.5 billion adults were overweight, with 890 million living with obesity.

• Causes and Diagnosis Childhood obesity is often due to multiple factors, including high caloric intake, lack of physical activity, and environmental influences. Diagnosis in children aged 5-18 years is primarily based on BMI charts, though waist circumference may be more accurate.

• Consequences and ManagementObesity in children affects physical, psychological, and social health, leading to poor academic performance and chronic diseases. Management includes lifestyle modifications, family involvement, and in severe cases, pharmacotherapy. Prevention through a balanced diet and regular physical activity is crucial.